division of algae and their main characteristics

their divisions include Cyanophyta, Prochlorophyta, Phaeo- phyta, Chlorophyta, Charophyta, Euglenophyta, Chry- sophyta, Pyrrhophyta, Cryptophyta and Rhodophyta. The algae comprise of a large heterogeneous assemblage of plants which are diverse in habitat, size, organisation, physiology, biochemistry, and reproduction. Their plant body is a thallus. Primarily, algae are not highly differentiated i… Algae, singular alga, members of a group of predominantly aquatic photosynthetic organisms of the kingdom Protista.   Flagella of antherozoids are whiplash type in both groups, (15). What are the Main Characteristics of the Plant Kingdom Kingdom : Plantae of Plant Kingdom Division : Thallophyta (Algae) The plants in this divisions are commonly called algae. in the cold. They can also occupy on rocks, soils, vegetation, or moist […] between 10-15 ºC. Diatoms (diá-tom-os 'cut in half', from diá, 'through' or 'apart'; and the root of tém-n-ō, 'I cut'.) Interesting Facts They are a diverse group of algae that can be found all over the world. Similarities between Algae and Bryophytes. In general algae can be referred to as plant-like organisms that are usually photosynthetic and aguatic, but do not have true roots, stems, leaves, vascular tissue and have simple reproductive structures. Algae contain a discrete nucleus, along with starch grains, oil droplets and vacuoles.   Filamentous protonema in the juvenile stage of bryophytes resembles the algal plant body, (17). Algae are eukaryotic, which means they have a nucleus. • 6.   Water is essential for fertilization in both groups, (16). Algae are photosynthetic organisms however, are over 10,000 species that have been described. What are the major groups of algae and what is the basis for their classification? Specific general characteristics of algae are common to plants as well as animals. Unicellular algae occur most frequently in water, especially in plankton. 5.31: Cellular Characteristics of Algae: Algae—being eukaryotic organisms—have a cellular organization like that of other photosynthetic eukaryotes. ... • 4. (4).      True roots are absent in both groups of algae and bryophytes, (5).      Both groups are autotrophic in nutrition, (6).      In both algae and bryophytes major photosynthetic pigments are chlorophyll a, b and carotenes, (7).      Vascular tissue is absent in both groups, (8).      Cellulose is chief consistent of cell wall in both groups, (9).      In both groups starch is the reserve food material, (10). Certain species in the Rhodophyta are particularly well adapted to living Similarities between Algae … Many algae are Photoautotrophic in nature and make their own food by the process of Photosynthesis. They are unicellular photosynthetic flagellated algae. However, it has been observed that many of the immobile algae pass through a flagellated stage in their life cycle. of these species are found in fresh water, and those are only found in According to the records, there are more than 50,000’s known species of Algae and based on their habitat, presence of biological pigments and other characteristics they are classified into seven different types.   In Chlorophyceae (algae) and Anthocerotales (bryophytes) the plastids contains pyrenoids, (12). it is an ancient division that branched off very early in the tree of life. This belief is strongly supported by the similarities of many characters in algae and bryophytes. The other 98% are in the ocean. The euglenoids do not have a true cell wall and are protected by a protein sheath coveri… Answer of Draw the Table of Divisions of Algae and their Main Characteristics. Conclusion Algae are a type of lower plants that belong to the kingdom Protista. They are often termed as chlorophytes. Algae can be multicellular or unicellular. This belief is strongly supported by the similarities of many characters in algae and bryophytes. Thallos — a sprout; phyton — a plant), the primitive and simplest division of the plant kingdom. Euglena are fresh and salt water protists. Besides having the usual cellulose cell walls that most different carrageenans that are indigestible to the herbivore. Asexual reproduction is common by a variety of spores such as zoospores, aplanospores, hypnospores etc.   Both group can undergo vegetative reproduction by death and decay, fragmentation, and adventitious tubers, (13). Even though bryophytes are well adapted for the land life they require the presence of water for the completion of their life cycle. For more on Rhodophyta, visit UC Berkeley's ". Based on their general features, algae are grouped into Kingdom Protista. They have chloroplasts. Login; Register; Home (current) Notes & Question Bank. Morphological features of some representative types of algae are shown in Fig.   Both groups possess pectin in their cell wall, (11). kelps etc.) very fast flowing streams. There is three main Algae classification: Chlorophyceae – These are called green algae, due to the presence of pigments chlorophyll a and b. grazing is severe. Most of the species are filamentous (single row of cells forming hairs). Sexual reproduction may be isogamous, anisogamous or oogamous, Sex organs not covered with sterile jacket cells for production, Sex organs are always covered with sterile jacket cells for protection, Gametophytic and sporophytic generations are usually independent, Gametophytic and sporophytic generations are dependent and physically connected, Alternation of generation usually isomorphic, rarely heteromorphic, Alternation of generation always heteromorphic. Ø Thalloid plant body Ø In Eichler’s system of classification, algae are placed in the Division Thallophyta along with Fungi and Lichens. In these subclasses, however, are over 10,000 species that have been described. Photosynthetic pigments: They possesses chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and small amount of β-carotenoids. Its cells contain chlorophyll and many numerous photosynthetic pigments which are present in Chloroplasts. There is only one class and two subclasses in the Division. Most of the evolutionary biologists believe that bryophytes were originated from Algae. 78 ºS of the equator. Brown algae, from the phylum Phaeophyta (meaning "dusky plants"), is … The chloroplasts in algae contain three algal pigments called chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobilins. In the warmer tropics grazing by fish and invertebrates (snails, etc.) (1).      In both groups the plant body is thalloid and undifferentiated. Give an example form each group green, yellow, brown, red, blue-green, classified for their color, method of reproduction, and form in which their food reserves are stored; volvox, diatom, giant kelp, sea grapes, cyanobacteria Table 1 is a summary of algal divisions, restricted to those which possess a cell wall, and their most significant characteristics. (2).      Plant body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves in both groups It is an important group of Thallophyta (Gr. The food reserves contain sugar, higher alcohol and other complex forms of polysaccharides. Ø Algae are autotrophs (synthesize food using light energy) There is none. • 5. This helps ensure that an entire algal population is not eaten up - at There is only one class and two subclasses in the Division. Diatoms and brown algae are examples of algae with secondary chloroplasts derived from an endosymbiotic red alga. The Rhodophyta are Antarctica has two erect and one encrusting algae as far as Bryophytes are the most primitive land plants. Algae often protect themselves from grazers (like snails) by producing are adept at energy storage. Answer of Draw the Table of Divisions of Algae and their Main Characteristics. put together (Goff, Lectures 1999). This post describes the similarities and major difference between algae and bryophytes. Both of these factors allow the Rhodophyta The main characteristic of this group is their immobility during all stages of their life cycle. This post describes the similarities and major difference between algae and bryophytes. • 7. The cell walls are composed of cellulose and alginic acid (a complex polysaccharide). (2).      Plant body is not differentiated into root, stem and leaves in both groups, (3).      Gametophytic generation is the prominent phase in life cycle in both groups, (4).      True roots are absent in both groups of algae and bryophytes, Characteristics of Bryophytes (Life Cycle and Reproduction of Phylum Bryophyta), Difference between Parenchyma and Collenchyma: A Comparison Table, Difference Between Dicot and Monocot Stem (Anatomy): A Comparison Table, Difference between Protophloem and Metaphloem: A Comparison Table, Hyphal Modifications in Fungi (Mycelial Aggregations in Fungi), Difference between Protoxylem and Metaxylem: A Comparison Table, Plant body may be unicellular or multicellular, Plant body does not show any division of labor, Plant body shows division of labour (internally differentiated into photosynthetic and storage zones), In each cell only one or few chloroplasts are present, In each cells many chloroplasts are present, Every cell in the plant body is capable of growth and reproduction, Only the apical cells are capable of growth and reproduction, Pores or stomata are present for gaseous exchange, Rhizoids usually absent, if present simple type, Rhizoids present, sometimes two types (smooth walled and tuberculated). 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