Ø Sexual reproduction rare or isogamous type, ü Desmonadales e.g., Desmocapsa, Pleromonas, Desmomastix, ü Thecatales e.g., Exuviaella, Porocentrum, ü Dinophyceales e.g., Dinophysis, Ornithocercus, Phalacroma, ü Dinoflagellata e.g., Amhidinium, Blastidinium, Ceratium, Heterocapsa, ü Dinotrichales e.g., Dinothria, Dinoclonium, Ø Bright green tint due to excess xanthophylls. Chiefly marine; plant body large and complicated by the presence of pigment like fucoxanthin and phycophene; both sexual and asexual reproduction take place; sexual reproduction is isogamous and oogamous carbohydrate and oil are reserve food. They are Chlorophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Dinophyceae, Chloromonodineae, Euglinineae, Phaeophyceae, Rhodophyceae and Myxophyceae (Cyanophyceae). Fritsch (1935, 1945) in his book âThe Structure and Reproduction of the Algaeâ proposed a system of classification of algae. Fritsch (1944-45) categorized algae into eleven groups in his book âStructure and Reproduction of Algaeâ that are based on the given characteristics: A. Pigmentation. Chlorophyceae 2. Ø The mitotic cells usually have a single flagellum, Ø Sexual reproduction by fusion of gametes, ü Centrales e.g., Cyclotella, Chaetoceras, ü Pennales e.g., Grammatophora, Navicula, Pinnularia. Eleven classes proposed by Fritsch are as follows: 1. His classification was based on such criteria as pigmentation, types of flagella, assimilatory products, thallus structure and methods of reproduction. Division-level classification, as with kingdom-level classification, is tenuous for algae. iv. DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 67% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 33% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save Classification Proposed by Fritsch For Later, The most comprehensive and authorative classification of algae was given by F.E Fritsch (, , 1948) in his book ‘ The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae’. He treated algae giving rank of division and divided it into 11 classes. Examples of algae include diatoms, kelp, and spirogyra. Classification of Algae by Fritsch. 1. Nature of Reserve Food: The primary product of photosynthesis i.e., starch is same in all groups of ⦠Xanthophyceae 3. Terms of Service Privacy Policy Contact Us, Notes on Botany for School and College Students, Copyright infringement takedown notification policy, Copyright infringement takedown notification template, Chlorophyceae or the Green Algae | Botany, Bacillariophyceae: Occurrence and Vegetative Body | Algae | Botany, Plant – Water Relations | Plant Physiology. CLASSIFICATION OF ALGAE. Classification is based on pigments, flagella and reserve food material. Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Oedogonium, Spirogyra, Vaucheria, Chara, etc. They vary from single-celled flagellates to simple colonial and filamentous forms. in classification proposed by him and his followers. Pyrophyta: Chiefly marine; unicellular; presence of two unequal flagella; yellowish green or yellowish ⦠He divided the algae into the following 11 classes Class I: Chlorophyceae (Isokontae or Green algae) Objective: To evaluate the performance in classifying systemic lupus erythematosus by the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics criteria (SLICC'12), versus the revised American College of Rheumatology criteria from 1997 (ACR'97) in adult and juvenile SLE patients. Fritsch (1935, 1945) in his book âThe Structure and Reproduction of the Algaeâ proposed a system of classification of algae. Plant Science Life Science Electron Microscope Images Plants Learning Study Blue Nails Studio Investigations. Chlorophyta, Rhodophyta etc.) CLASSIFICATION ⢠Fritschâs Classification of Algae: ⢠F.E. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase for studies comparing SLICC'12 â¦ Ø Reserve foods are laminarin ( Polysaccharide). Batrachospermun, Polysiphonia, etc. Algae are some of the most robust organisms on earth and are able to grow in a wide range of conditions. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (2.9M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Eleven classes proposed by Fritsch are as follows: 1. Found in fresh water or stagnant water or on moist soil; cells flagellated or naked; coloured plastids prominent; cell divisions longitudinal; reserve food is paramyleum (a kind of carbohydrate). D. Thallus organization. These topics are not covered in ⦠The class chlorophyceae is divided into nine orders, Class II: Xanthophyceae ( Heterokontae or Yellow-green algae), Cell wall with pectic substances and cellulose, Typical eukaryotic cell with anteriorly inserted 2 unequal flagella, shorter whiplash, Order I Heterochloridales e.g., Heterochloris, Chloramoeba, Order II Heterococcales e.g., Myxochloris, Halophaera, Order III Heterotrichales e.g., Tribonema, Microspora, Order IV Heterosiphonales e.g., Botrydium, Dominant pigment is Phycochrysin gives brown or orange colour, Chromatophores have naked pyrenoid like bodies, Food reserve is chrysolaminarin and leucosin, Motile cells have 2 anteriorly inserted equal or unequal flagella, Sexual reproduction rare , when present isogamous, Order I Chrysomonadales e.g., Chrysococcus, Chrysodendron, Chromulina, Order II Chrysosphaerales e.g., Chrysosphaera, Echinochrysis, Bacillariophyceae ( Diatoms , yellow or golden brown algae), Ø The chromatophores have pyrenoids and the photosynthetic products are fat, Ø Cell wall is pectic and silicified and variously ornamented. 14. Chlorophyceae 2. Fritsch Classification of Algae. Examples are Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, and Chara; Phaeophyceae â Also called as brown algae, they are predominantly marine. His classification of algae is mainly based upon characters of pigments, flagella and reserve food material. In the five kingdom classification, the word alga refers to organisms in any three kingdoms: in Monera, blue green algae (Cyanobacteria); in Nostoc is a Colonial, filamentous algae seen as mucilaginous balls that belongs to the class cyanophyceae (Blue green algae) ⢠Heterocysts are Large sized, colourless, spherical, thick walled cells present in the filaments of blue green algae like Nostoc ⢠Position intercalary or terminal Fritsch (1935, 1945 and his followers) opined that algae is itself equivalent to a division, and therefore it can only be divided into classes (=phyceae). xi. He published his classification in the book âThe structure and reproduction of the Algaeâ (1935). Chlorophyceae (Green algae) General characterstics of Chlorophyceae. For example, some phycologists place the classes Bacillariophyceae, Phaeophyceae, and Xanthophyceae in the division Chromophyta, whereas others place each class in separate ⦠Bacillariophyceae 5. He divided it into 11 classes. Bacillariophyceae or golden-brown algae e.g. On the basis of photosynthetic pigments algae classified into three classes. He considered that as a group algae deserve the rank of division. Because of the range of diversity amongst algae, a scientist by the name of Fritsch attempted to classify algae into eleven classes in 1935. Classification of Algae No easily definable classification system acceptable to all exists for algae because taxonomy is under constant and rapid revision at all levels following every day new genetic and ultrastructural evidence. As an aid to his own studies on algal taxonomy and morphology, Fritsch brought together published illustrations under the names of the species. ï Classification is based on pigments, flagella and reserve food material. Chrysophyceae 4. Sep 7, 2014 - This Pin was discovered by Biology 4u. your own Pins on Pinterest Class consists of only one order ‘ Chloromonadales’ e.g., Trentonia, Ø One or two flagella that arise from canal like invaginatrion at the, Ø The chrmatophore contain main pigment fucaxanthin besides the others, Ø Lower forms have naked pyrenoid like bodies. His classification was based on such criteria as pigmentation, types of flagella, assimilatory products, thallus structure and methods of reproduction. Diatomin is ⦠Fritschâs classification: F.E.Fritsch (1935, 1945) proposed a most comprehensive and anthroritative classification in his book âstructure and reproduction of algaeâ . Classification: F.E. Fritsch classification of algae One of the best known algal classification was proposed by Fritsch who divided them into 11 classes(1945). âThe structure and reproduction of the Algaeâ. Xanthophyceae 3. E. Reproduction Cryptophyceae 6. Reproduction by vegetative , asexual and sexual methods. Chlorophyceae ( Isokontae) Generally algae are fresh water and chlorophyllous thallophytes. 3. A brief account of this classification is given below: Cyanophyta or blue green algae-inhabitants of moist soil and rocks, fresh water or saline water; unicellular or colonial; plastids not well-defined; presence of nucleoplasm in the centre of the cell and chromoplasm in the periphery; nucleus is primitive; phycocyanin is the chief pigment but sometimes phycoerythrin may be present; sexual reproduction and flagellated cells are always absent; reproduction is vegetative or asexual by resting spores; glycogen is the reserve food. Full text Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. This lineage eventually led to the higher land plants. Chiefly marine; unicellular; presence of two unequal flagella; yellowish green or yellowish brown pigments present; sexual reproduction is rare; reserve food is starch or oil. Spirogyra, Oedogonium, Ulothrix, Vaucheria, Chara, etc. C. Reserve food. Discover (and save!) Bacillariophyceae (= diatoms): These are yellow-green-brown or olive green in colour. Myxophyceae or blue-green algae, e.g. His classification, was based on such criteria as pigmentation, types of flagella, assimilatory products, thallus, Class I: Chlorophyceae ( Isokontae or Green algae), Pigments are chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and xanthophylls. Chrysophyceae 4. Fctocarpus, Laminaria, Dictyota, Fucus, etc. B. Flagellar arrangement. The three most prominent groups of algae are the brown algae, the red algae, and the green algae, amongst which some of the most complex forms belong to green algae. The division consists of three classes, of which Bacillariophyceae is the main plants consisting of this class are known as Diatoms or golden brown algae; the yellow pigment diatomin is always present with chlorophyll. He divided it into 11 classes based on pigments,reserve food materials and flagellar types. Xanthophyte chloroplasts contain the photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c, β-carotene, and the carotenoid diadinoxanthin. So there is no word like phyta (e.g. Ø Main pigment is xanthophylls which imparts brown or red colour. 1.1 ClASSIFICAtIon The classification of algae is complex and somewhat controversial, especially concerning the blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), which are sometimes known as blue-green bacteria or Cyanophyta and sometimes included in the Chlorophyta. Algae: Classification by Fritsch part 1(upto order) - YouTube Discover everything Scribd has to offer, including books and audiobooks from major publishers. In 1955 C. M. Smith has classified algae into seven divisions, each of which contains one or more classes. Chiefly consists of Diatoms; terrestrial, fresh water or saline water; flagellated or non-flagellated; unicellular or multicellular, colonial or filamentous; cell wall made of pectin with deposition of silica particles on the surface; of the pigments carotin and Xanthophyll are present in abundance; special method of sexual reproduction; oil and leucosin (a complex carbohydrate) are reserve food. Oscillatonia, Nostoc, etc. Fritsch proposed a classification for algae based on pigmentation, types of flagella, reserve food materials, thallus structure and reproduction. Article by Cheri Dennen. Heterothallic or dioecious species are of two types: macrandrous (where male and female filaments are of normal size) and nannandrous type (where male is very small i.e., dwarf male or nannandrium and the female one is of normal size).Chlorophyceae. Fritsch (1935) classified algae into following 11 classes, based on pigmentation, reserve food material, flagellation and reproduction. Ø It consists of two halves which are radially or bilatorally symmetrical . Male gametes are similar to zoospore but smaller in size. After his death this was continued by Dr J.W.G.Lund at the Freshwater Biological Association and became The Fritsch Collection of Illustrations of ⦠Xanthophyceae 3. Algae Classification. Classification of Fritsch was based on the following criteria Pigmentation Types of flagella Assimilatory products Thallus structure Method of reproduction Fritsch divided algae into the following 11 classes 1.Chlorophyceae 2. Botrydium. https://www.plantscience4u.com/2014/04/fritsch-classification-of-algae.html Classification F.E. Chlorophyceae (green algae) Phaeophyceae (brown algae) Rhodophyceae (red algae). Ø Pyrenoid like bodies are present, independent of chromatophores, Ø Motile cells are dorsiventral with anteriorly inserted unequal flagella. Diatom. Chiefly marine; plant body is very complex; main pigment is phycoerythrin; sexual reproduction is oogamous; male gametes known as spermatia, are non-flagellated; reserve food is Florideam starch. The classification of algae into taxonomic groups is based upon the same rules that are used for the classification of land plants, but the organization of groups of algae above the order level has changed substantially since 1960. According to Fritsch (1935), algae include all halophytic organisms that fail to reach the level of differentiation characteristic of archegoniate plants. The algae have broadly been divided by F. F. Fritsch in 1935 into eleven classes according to their colour: i. Chlorophyceae or green algae, e.g. Fritsch classified algae into 11 classes on the basis of the type of pigments, mode of reproduction and nature of reserve food material. E Fritsch (1938, 1948) in his book The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae. It is the largest class of algae; Most live in fresh water, but some are found in marine and soil habitats. ix. F.E. In this article we will discuss about the Fritsch’s and Smith’s classification of algae. There are ⦠4. ï One of the best known algal classification was proposed by Fritsch who divided them into 11 classes (1945). Class 1. His classification of algae is mainly based upon characters of pigments, flagella and reserve food material. They are found in fresh water or saline water; unicellular, multicellular or colonial; cells flagellated or non-flagellated; reproduction is asexual or sexual; presence of chlorophyll, carotin and xanthophyll like higher plants; reserve food is starch. Classification of Algae by Fritsch A famous botanist F.E. There is three main Algae classification: Chlorophyceae â These are called green algae, due to the presence of pigments chlorophyll a and b. The structure and reproduction of the algae Hardcover â January 1, 1965 by Felix Eugene Fritsch (Author) See all formats and editions Hide other formats and editions. Yellow-green algae or the Xanthophyceae (xanthophytes) are an important group of heterokont algae. classification of algae was given by F.E Fritsch (1935) in his book âThe Structure and Reproduction of the Algaeâ. Phaeophyceae or brown algae, e.g. ii. Classification of Algae. ü Cryptomonadales e.g., Cryptomonas, Rhodomonas, Cyanomonas. 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